rfc9789v3.txt		rfc9789.txt
	Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) L. Andersson		Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) L. Andersson
	Request for Comments: 9789 Huawei Technologies		Request for Comments: 9789 Huawei Technologies
	Category: Informational S. Bryant		Category: Informational S. Bryant
	ISSN: 2070-1721 University of Surrey 5GIC		ISSN: 2070-1721 University of Surrey 5GIC
	M. Bocci		M. Bocci
	Nokia		Nokia
	T. Li		T. Li
	Juniper Networks		Juniper Networks
	June 2025		July 2025
	MPLS Network Actions (MNAs) Framework		MPLS Network Actions (MNAs) Framework
	Abstract		Abstract
	This document describes an architectural framework for MPLS Network		This document describes an architectural framework for MPLS Network
	Action (MNA) technologies. MNA technologies are used to indicate		Action (MNA) technologies. MNA technologies are used to indicate
	actions that impact the forwarding or other processing (such as		actions that impact the forwarding or other processing (such as
	monitoring) of the packet along the Label Switched Path (LSP) of the		monitoring) of the packet along the Label Switched Path (LSP) of the
	packet and to transfer any additional data needed for these actions.		packet and to transfer any additional data needed for these actions.
	skipping to change at line 165 ¶		skipping to change at line 165 ¶
	the MPLS label stack for carrying information related to network		the MPLS label stack for carrying information related to network
	actions. The Label, TC, and TTL values in the LSEs in the NAS may		actions. The Label, TC, and TTL values in the LSEs in the NAS may
	be redefined, but the meaning of the S bit is unchanged.		be redefined, but the meaning of the S bit is unchanged.
	Network Action Sub-Stack Indicator (NSI): The first LSE in the NAS,		Network Action Sub-Stack Indicator (NSI): The first LSE in the NAS,
	which contains a special-purpose label that indicates the start of		which contains a special-purpose label that indicates the start of
	the NAS.		the NAS.
	1.3. Abbreviations		1.3. Abbreviations
	+==============+=====================+=====================+		+==============+=====================+===========================+
	| Abbreviation | Meaning | Reference |		| Abbreviation | Meaning | Reference |
	+==============+=====================+=====================+		+==============+=====================+===========================+
	| AD | Ancillary Data | [RFC9613] |		| AD | Ancillary Data | [RFC9613] |
	+--------------+---------------------+---------------------+		+--------------+---------------------+---------------------------+
	| BIER | Bit Index Explicit | [RFC8279] |		| BIER | Bit Index Explicit | [RFC8279] |
	| | Replication | |		| | Replication | |
	+--------------+---------------------+---------------------+		+--------------+---------------------+---------------------------+
	| BoS | Bottom of Stack | [RFC6790] |		| BoS | Bottom of Stack | [RFC6790] |
	+--------------+---------------------+---------------------+		+--------------+---------------------+---------------------------+
	| bSPL | Base Special- | [RFC9017] |		| bSPL | Base Special- | [RFC9017] |
	| | Purpose Label | |		| | Purpose Label | |
	+--------------+---------------------+---------------------+		+--------------+---------------------+---------------------------+
	| ECMP | Equal-Cost | [RFC9522] |		| ECMP | Equal-Cost | [RFC9522] |
	| | Multipath | |		| | Multipath | |
	+--------------+---------------------+---------------------+		+--------------+---------------------+---------------------------+
	| EL | Entropy Label | [RFC6790] |		| EL | Entropy Label | [RFC6790] |
	+--------------+---------------------+---------------------+		+--------------+---------------------+---------------------------+
	| ERLD | Entropy Readable | [RFC8662] |		| ERLD | Entropy Readable | [RFC8662] |
	| | Label Depth | |		| | Label Depth | |
	+--------------+---------------------+---------------------+		+--------------+---------------------+---------------------------+
	| eSPL | Extended Special- | [RFC9017] |		| eSPL | Extended Special- | [RFC9017] |
	| | Purpose Label | |		| | Purpose Label | |
	+--------------+---------------------+---------------------+		+--------------+---------------------+---------------------------+
	| HbH | Hop by Hop | In the MNA context, |		| HbH | Hop by Hop | In the MNA context, this |
	| | | this document. |		| | | document. |
	+--------------+---------------------+---------------------+		+--------------+---------------------+---------------------------+
	| I2E | Ingress to Egress | In the MNA context, |		| I2E | Ingress to Egress | In the MNA context, this |
	| | | this document. |		| | | document. |
	+--------------+---------------------+---------------------+		+--------------+---------------------+---------------------------+
	| IGP | Interior Gateway | |		| IGP | Interior Gateway | |
	| | Protocol | |		| | Protocol | |
	+--------------+---------------------+---------------------+		+--------------+---------------------+---------------------------+
	| ISD | In-Stack Data | [RFC9613] |		| ISD | In-Stack Data | [RFC9613] |
	+--------------+---------------------+---------------------+		+--------------+---------------------+---------------------------+
	| LSE | Label Stack Entry | [RFC3032] |		| LSE | Label Stack Entry | [RFC3032] |
	+--------------+---------------------+---------------------+		+--------------+---------------------+---------------------------+
	| LSP | Label Switched Path | |		| LSP | Label Switched Path | |
	+--------------+---------------------+---------------------+		+--------------+---------------------+---------------------------+
	| MNA | MPLS Network Action | [RFC9613] |		| MNA | MPLS Network Action | [RFC9613] |
	+--------------+---------------------+---------------------+		+--------------+---------------------+---------------------------+
	| MSD | Maximum SID Depth | [RFC8491] |		| MSD | Maximum SID Depth | [RFC8491] |
	+--------------+---------------------+---------------------+		+--------------+---------------------+---------------------------+
	| NAI | Network Action | [RFC9613] |		| NAI | Network Action | [RFC9613] |
	| | Indicator | |		| | Indicator | |
	+--------------+---------------------+---------------------+		+--------------+---------------------+---------------------------+
	| NAS | Network Action Sub- | This document |		| NAS | Network Action Sub- | This document |
	| | Stack | |		| | Stack | |
	+--------------+---------------------+---------------------+		+--------------+---------------------+---------------------------+
	| NSI | Network Action Sub- | This document |		| NSI | Network Action Sub- | This document |
	| | Stack Indicator | |		| | Stack Indicator | |
	+--------------+---------------------+---------------------+		+--------------+---------------------+---------------------------+
	| PSD | Post-Stack Data | [RFC9613] and |		| PSD | Post-Stack Data | [RFC9613] and Section 3.6 |
	| | | Section 3.6 |		| | | of this document |
	+--------------+---------------------+---------------------+		+--------------+---------------------+---------------------------+
	| RLD | Readable Label | This document |		| RLD | Readable Label | This document |
	| | Depth | |		| | Depth | |
	+--------------+---------------------+---------------------+		+--------------+---------------------+---------------------------+
	| SID | Segment Identifier | [RFC8402] |		| SID | Segment Identifier | [RFC8402] |
	+--------------+---------------------+---------------------+		+--------------+---------------------+---------------------------+
	| SPL | Special-Purpose | [RFC9017] |		| SPL | Special-Purpose | [RFC9017] |
	| | Label | |		| | Label | |
	+--------------+---------------------+---------------------+		+--------------+---------------------+---------------------------+
	| TC | Traffic Class | |		| TC | Traffic Class | |
	+--------------+---------------------+---------------------+		+--------------+---------------------+---------------------------+
	| TTL | Time to Live | |		| TTL | Time to Live | |
	+--------------+---------------------+---------------------+		+--------------+---------------------+---------------------------+
	Table 1: Abbreviations		Table 1: Abbreviations
	2. Structure		2. Structure
	An MNA solution specifies one or more network actions to apply to an		An MNA solution specifies one or more network actions to apply to an
	MPLS packet. These network actions and their ancillary data may be		MPLS packet. These network actions and their ancillary data may be
	carried in sub-stacks within the MPLS label stack and/or post-stack		carried in sub-stacks within the MPLS label stack and/or post-stack
	data. A solution must specify where the network action sub-stacks		data. A solution must specify where the network action sub-stacks
	occur in the label stack, if and how frequently they should be		occur in the label stack, if and how frequently they should be
	skipping to change at line 990 ¶		skipping to change at line 990 ¶
	DOI 10.17487/RFC9089, August 2021,		DOI 10.17487/RFC9089, August 2021,
	<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc9089>.		<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc9089>.
	[RFC9522] Farrel, A., Ed., "Overview and Principles of Internet		[RFC9522] Farrel, A., Ed., "Overview and Principles of Internet
	Traffic Engineering", RFC 9522, DOI 10.17487/RFC9522,		Traffic Engineering", RFC 9522, DOI 10.17487/RFC9522,
	January 2024, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc9522>.		January 2024, <https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc9522>.
	[RFC9790] Kompella, K., Bryant, S., Bocci, M., Mirsky, G., Ed.,		[RFC9790] Kompella, K., Bryant, S., Bocci, M., Mirsky, G., Ed.,
	Andersson, L., and J. Dong, "IANA Registry and Processing		Andersson, L., and J. Dong, "IANA Registry and Processing
	Recommendations for the First Nibble Following a Label		Recommendations for the First Nibble Following a Label
	Stack", RFC 9790, DOI 10.17487/RFC9790, June 2025,		Stack", RFC 9790, DOI 10.17487/RFC9790, July 2025,
	<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc9790>.		<https://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc9790>.
	Acknowledgements		Acknowledgements
	This document is the result of work started in MPLS Open Design Team,		This document is the result of work started in MPLS Open Design Team,
	with participation by the MPLS, PALS, and DETNET Working Groups.		with participation by the MPLS, PALS, and DETNET Working Groups.
	The authors would like to thank Adrian Farrel for his contributions.		The authors would like to thank Adrian Farrel for his contributions.
	The authors would also like to thank John Drake, Toerless Eckert, and		The authors would also like to thank John Drake, Toerless Eckert, and
	Jie Dong for their comments.		Jie Dong for their comments.
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